The purpose of newborn genetic screening is to screen newborns for possible health problems. Neonatal genetic screening began in 1965 with testing for a disorder, phenylketonuria (WDHS). Since then, newborn genetic screening has evolved and more than 4 million newborns are screened each year in the United States (CCHC report). Currently in the state of Wisconsin there are 47 different disorders tested for (WDHS). The newborn screening process is a relatively short procedure. Before a newborn leaves the hospital, a nurse pricks his heel, takes a few drops of blood and places them on a special test paper. The document is then sent to a laboratory where technicians look for disorders in their genes. Wisconsin law (Statutes Chapter 253.13) “requires all babies born in Wisconsin hospitals to undergo newborn screening before leaving the hospital.” The screening costs $69.50 but is covered by most health insurance plans. If it is not covered, it is advisable to contact the Newborn Screening Coordinator at the Wisconsin Division of Public Health. However, $69.50 might be the price you pay for peace of mind knowing your baby is healthy. Sickle cell anemia is present in one in two African Americans (google health). Sickle cell anemia is passed down from generation to generation and causes red blood cells to become crescent-shaped. However, red blood cells are normally disc-shaped. It is a very painful disorder that requires continuous treatment and without treatment, the patient's life expectancy is significantly reduced. Through newborn genetic screening, it is possible to detect this disorder early in life and ensure appropriate treatments that could save the newborn's life. Discovering an inherited disease like sickle cell disease...... middle of article ......enetics.utah.edu/content/health/ngs/>• "Newborn screening program for children and youth with special health care needs." Wisconsin Department of Health Services. July 10, 2009. the web. February 20, 2010. • “Sickle cell anemia”. Google Health. Google, Internet. February 20, 2010. https://health.google.com/health/ref/Sickle+cell+anemia• “Newborn Genetic Screening Mandate.” Citizen's health council. Internet. February 20, 2010. • Brase, Twila. “NEBORN GENETIC SCREENING.” Citizen's health council. Internet. February 21, 2010. • “Genetic counseling”. genomics.energy.gov. 29 11 2008. the web. February 21 2010. .