1. What dementia made me thinkDementia is a common syndrome among older people around the world. When talking about dementia, the first word that comes to mind is “loss.” By knowing the manifestations of the disease, we know that dementia has a huge impact on the affected elderly person as well as the caregiver. Many of us focused on the losses of customers with dementia, which effectively caused a labeling effect. From the first lesson, a question “As a case manager, what will you do to help the client with dementia and their family?” » we asked. I realized that my answer was “refer the client to an appropriate unit of care.” It seems that my initial thinking deprived the elderly because I failed to find another better solution, such as helping them age in the community. Although dementia causes certain types of losses for people with dementia, their needs and strengths should not be neglected. Institutionalization is therefore perhaps not the best solution. To serve older adults, I need to shift my thinking to a strengths-based approach. The practice should not mutually focus on losses, but rather further explore possibilities. Improving the quality of life is also an important issue, by empowering the customer while keeping in mind that “we do not only work for the users of the service, but work with them”.2. Explanations of disease manifestations Manifestations of dementia are classified into cognitive impairment and non-cognitive impairment. For cognitive impairments, it mainly covers five types of impairments which include impairments in memory function, attention and concentration, orientation, executive function as well as language skills. Tommy is identified as having four types of disorders, excluding language disorder characterized by aphasia. In case of impaired memory function, it is found to have impaired short-term episodic memory. The symptom made him find it difficult