Transmission Tuberculosis is an airborne disease, so it can be transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person through coughing, sneezing, and other salivary secretions . Tuberculosis is caused by the transfer of Mycobacteriun Tuberculosis (M. Tuberculosis), also known as tubercle bacillus, a small particle 1 to 5 microns in diameter, due to its small size. When an infected person sneezes or coughs, around 3,000 particles are expelled. . M. Tuberculosis-causing tuberculosis is capable of remaining in the air for a long time (about 6 hours). Another way to contract tuberculosis is by drinking unpasteurized milk, milk directly from a cow, although this is not a common mode of transmission, it can be found in rural areas. Ingestion of contaminated cow's milk transmits Mycobacterium Bovis, the animal form which is still potent enough to cause tuberculosis in humans). TB transmission is affected by exposure, socioeconomic status of the person, proximity, immune status of the uninfected individual (%&&%&? CDC). Tuberculosis is sometimes called a disease of the poor, poverty prevents many people from living in a small space, leading to overpopulation. Smaller spaces increase the possibility of M. Tuberculosis spreading and infecting an individual. People who are immunocompromised are also susceptible to tuberculosis. For example, HIV-positive patients and malnourished individuals are more susceptible to tuberculosis than the average healthy individual. People who are constantly in close proximity to an infected person are at higher risk of becoming infected because they are more likely to share and breathe the same air. This will lead to inhalation of M. Tuberculosis and could eventually lead to tuberculosis.EpidemiologyTuber...... middle of paper ......macrophage to kill any bacteria that may have escaped from the granuloma. Latent tuberculosis is characterized by the absence of disease activity. It can be detected by the TBT and interferon-γ release test (IGRA) and chest x-rays. Chest x-ray is usually normal due to inactivity of the disease. TNF-α helps contain latent TB infection and prevents it from becoming active TB. Patients treated with anti-TNF are at greater risk of reactivation of LTBI in active tuberculosis. Patients with active TB test positive for IGRA and are symptomatic. The granuloma model: macrophages become infected in unactivated macrophages, necrosis occurs, lymphocytes also activate macrophages. Mountain biking continues to grow and spread. The tubers liquefy and extracellular bacterial growth ensues, releasing liquefied caseous material into the bronchioles, causing transmission that can be transmitted to other people..