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Essay / Two-Point Discrimination Test - 762
In this lab we apply the technique known as the two-point discrimination test. This test will allow us to determine which regions of the skin are best able to discriminate two simultaneous sensory impulses. According to (Haggard et al. 2007), tactile discrimination depends on the size of the receptive fields located on somatosensory neurons. However, the receptive fields for other types of sensations are located elsewhere. For vision, we find that the receptive fields are located within the visual cortex, and for hearing, we find the receptive fields within the auditory cortex. The body's ability to distinguish between two points depends on how that area of the body is innervated by neurons; and thus conferring the size of the receptive fields (Haggard et al. 2007). It is important to note that receptive field size generally decreases in correlation with higher innervations. As seen in retinal receptive fields, tissue peripheries contained larger receptive fields (Hartline, 1940). In our test, we hypothesized that the finger region would be able to discriminate better than the forearm. This means that they will be innervated by neurons much more than the forearm and will also contain smaller receptive fields. This also means that the convergence is closer to a 1:1 ratio, and this is less true the farther away you go from the fingers. We also believe that the degree of convergence varies depending on each individual. We will test to see if two people will have different interpretations of these results. To test these hypotheses, we first collected a two-point discriminator containing a variety of distances for two points. The distances of the points on the discriminator included values of 0.25 millimeters being the smallest, ...... middle of paper ...... 7 millimeters were incorrectly guessed, thus indicating the lack of sharpness that possessed subject 1 in this area of the body. We then proceeded to subject 2, under very similar conditions. Subject 2 was tested with more pressure points than subject 1 to provide more detailed results. Starting with the finger, subject 2 correctly guessed 7 out of 8 pressure points. This result shows very good acuity of his tactile system around the fingers, as indicated (Bruce et al. 1980). We then proceeded with his forearm, using similar methods to subject 1 but with more blows. In this test, subject 2 correctly guessed only 2 out of 7 points, indicating a sharp decline in acuity in these areas. Finally we applied the two-point moving discrimination test on a third subject. We started with the palm and he didn't feel both points until we moved 3mm towards the finger..