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Essay / The effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 - 1648
Deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels have led to a sharp increase in anthropogenic carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere. Since the industrial revolution, the concentration of atmospheric CO2 has increased from around 280 parts per million to more than 390 parts per million; and it has recently been calculated to increase by 1.5 to 2 parts per million per year (Kudela, 2013). This sharp increase in atmospheric CO2 has had an impact on the ocean, as evidenced by increased levels of gaseous CO2 in seawater. When the CO2-rich atmosphere comes into contact with the ocean surface , CO2 is easily absorbed. which makes the pH of seawater more acidic. Many enzymes and processes that occur in the ocean, such as test construction, are pH sensitive (Calderia, 2003). Any change in pH would lead to a degradation of important functions, the outcome of which is uncertain. Many marine organisms, such as corals, algae, and just about anything with a shell, rely on CaCO3 to form their hard parts. An increase in ocean acidity leads to rapid dissolution of this CaCO3 and generally makes it more difficult for these organisms to form their calcifying parts (Kleypas, 1999). If we maintain this current rate of CO2 increase, ocean pH is expected to decrease. 0.5 by 2100 (Kudela, 2013). Although some still refuse to believe that increasing CO2 levels are having a negative effect on the environment, it cannot be denied that there is no evidence of ocean acidification. If we're not on the same page now, there may be a day when you go on vacation to Hawaii and there are no more beautiful corals or their fish to see while snorkeling. When it comes to ocean acidification, the media in general...... middle of paper ......Newsom, LA (2013). The impact of ocean acidification on the functional morphology of foraminifera. PLoS ONE, 8(12), 1-4. Kleypas, JA (1999). Geochemical consequences of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide on coral reefs. Science, 284(5411), 118-120. Kudela, R. and Sverdrup, K. (2013). The chemistry of seawater. Ocean sciences (pp. 141-144). United States: McGraw-Hill Education. Le Quesne, WJ and Pinnegar, JK (2012). The potential impacts of ocean acidification: from physiology to fisheries. Fish & Fisheries, 13(3), 333-344. Nienhuis, S.; Palmer, A.; Harley, C. (2010). "High CO2 affects the rate of shell dissolution but not the rate of calcification in a marine snail". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 277 (1693): 2553-2558. Roleda, MY, Boyd, PW, & Hurd, CL (2012). Before ocean acidification: calcifier chemistry course. Journal of Phycology, 48(4), 840-843.