The topic I chose is the history of surveying level equipment and types of surveying equipment. To begin, let's review the types of surveying equipment. In 1400 BC, the Egyptians precisely divided the land to tax the people and created a plumb bob to determine if something is level by tying a rock to a beam and seeing if it fell straight down . Around 120 BC the Greeks used geometry to accurately divide the earth and developed the diopter which is the first recorded surveying equipment since the Egyptians to help divide the earth and developed standardized procedures for conducting surveys . Later, chains were used to determine distance and could be held taught to determine if something was level. Some other equipment used were sun compasses, compasses and transits; the compass was used to determine the direction of a line while the sun compass was used to measure direction and latitude, it could be used to find the true north of a particular location. Later, as time passed and technology advanced, the wheel came into use. Two types of wheels were used: electric and mechanical, while they worked in different ways, they both worked the same when rolling from start to finish. During the 1900s, two main new tools came into play: the planimeter, which was used to measure asymmetrical areas and eliminated the need for maps and manual calculations. The second tool to become popular was the theodolite, which consists of a movable telescope on a movable perpendicular axis and was used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. Steel ribbons were used in early America because they were significantly more precise than cha...... middle of paper ......h technological tools that are now used widely Part of the final measurements are determined by the human eye. In the industrial age, surveying became very important for managing taxes and this is where both methods came into play as geodesic was effective for a large area and took terrain into account which was useful for maps, but plan surveying was more useful for dividing evenly. on the ground. Surveying became even more important as the population grew and construction began to expand surveying roads and bridges to simply collect data as travel began to increase and ensure that the Establishments could handle the new load that the increased population could support and so the tools began to advance. dramatically from rod measurement to GPS to give a more detailed reading to get more terrain and distance information more accurately using the new equipment.