Each individual in a given group may have a common good or group goal, but also conflicting interests, known as collective action dilemmas. It has long been recognized that individuals often fail to achieve the group's goal when working together, one of the main reasons being that people are rational. In the state of a nation and society, public interests may conflict with personal interests, with government as the central agent seen as an excellent means of resolving the problem. For example, all modern citizens expect great benefits from governments, such as a road network or free elementary education; but for tax, I have not seen anyone paid happily, but I always thought he was overpaid. The collective action dilemma is an objectively existing social phenomenon. Western researchers create theoretical models about the collective action dilemma and provide theoretical interpretations based on real-world reflections. “These collective actions will pose problems such as shortage of public goods, overuse of public resources, disorder of public order, loss of effectiveness of public organizations and anomie in the implementation of public policies. " (Chen tan, 2009, Theoretical interpretation… under the non-cooperation game)The decision-making model is not as simple as selfishness or self-interest, it is the “human choice theory based on scientific principles of observation and experimentation”, but not “postulation and deduction” (page 397). Observation reflects that it has been learned or recognized from the patient's perspective or research into cause and effect, experience means that it has been thought through, advantages and disadvantages must be considered. Even if it doesn't require thought or thought, it should be different from "creating something out of nothing." There are four principles......middle of paper......public affairs, these are public, statutory, enforceable, obligatory, dynamic and expansive. The fundamental objective is to provide universal, equitable and high-quality public services to all social groups; the government, as the implementation and respect of the national will with its authorities, whose functions are clearly enforceable; the function of government is constantly changing, depending on the government and the needs of the public; Moreover, with diversified and complex public demands, the government has assumed more and more functions and gradually expanded to all levels of society. In conclusion, collective dilemmas occur everywhere, therefore, government as a “third party” has the advantage in solving public problems. and problem. The main reason collective dilemmas result is bounded rationality, which claims that people are rational and goal-oriented, which leads to a cooperation problem..