A definition of instructional design theory is a theory that offers advice and guidance in the field of education to better help people learn and to develop (Reigeluth, 1983, p. 5). Types of learning and development can vary and include cognitive, emotional, spiritual, physical and social foundations. The learner can acquire this knowledge through a number of methods, including teacher-led face-to-face learning, facilitated student-centered online learning, and a number of hybrid or blended formats. The key factors for the instructional designer creating the learning content and delivery are the learning goals and objectives, learner traits and characteristics, and the delivery methodology dictated by the technology, learners, and content ( Willis and Lockee, 2004). When distance learning is a consideration for the designer, the method of instructional delivery and the availability of technology and communication systems become a critical factor. Team B discusses four models based on instructional design theory: 1) the situated model; 2) waterfall/spiral models; 3) the R2D5 model; and 4) the problem-based learning model, a design approach grounded in constructivist theory. Instructional design models are used to recognize the influences of distributed learning and suggest that it is different from traditional learning (Willis & Lockee, 2004). Typically, instructional design models share these elements:• Assessment of the technology context, learners and content – ​​to ensure that the available technology can deliver the designed learning, that learners can access and understand the technology and that the delivery is adapted to the learning content. • Statement of objectives – objectives form the basis of performance, assessment and the learner...... middle of article......-Fernandez, R. and Fernandez-Manjon, B. (October 2009). Adaptive role-playing games: an immersive approach to problem-based learning. Educational Technology and Society, 12, 4. p.110 (15). Retrieved February 5, 2010 from Academic OneFile via Gale.Schneider, D.K. (2006). Online learning workshop in the context of diplomacy. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Taken from the TECFA Education & Technologies website. Wells, SH, Warelow, PJ and Jackson, KL (October 2009). Problem-based learning (PBL): a conundrum. Contemporary Nurse, 33, 2. p.191 (11). Retrieved February 5, 2010 from Academic OneFile via Gale.Willis, LL and Lockee, BB (2004). A pragmatic instructional design model for distance education. International Journal of Educational Media, 31(1), 9+. Retrieved February 6, 2010 from the Questia database.