Traumatic brain A head injury (TBI) is not caused by a congenital or degenerative nature, it is caused by a physical force external to the head which produces a state of altered consciousness. this leads to impaired cognitive and physical functioning. Depending on the extent of the injury, impairments may be temporary or permanent. The leading cause of head injury results from blunt trauma to the head during a motorcycle, motor vehicle, or bicycle accident. Some cases of head trauma have also been observed following sports injuries, gunshot wounds, falls and/or assaults. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reports that approximately 5.25 million Americans (children and adults) live with permanent disability resulting from brain injury (Zaloshnja, Miller, Langlois, & Selassie, 2008). Studies show that young children and the elderly are prone to fall-related brain injuries, making them very vulnerable. Another type of brain injury that is not congenital, hereditary, or degenerative is an acquired brain injury (ABI). A change in neuronal activity due to stroke, heart attack, brain tumor, anoxia, near suffocation, aneurysm, and drug overdose usually causes ABI. ABI-related impairments can be mild, moderate, or severe. Additionally, one or more of the following functional abilities may be affected: memory, speech, attention/concentration, cognition, reasoning, information processing, behavior, and physical functioning (Edmonston, nd).Functional ImpairmentsThe Consequences of Brain Injury will not affect two people the same way, it depends on the age of the person, the severity of the injury and the length of the coma. Physical changes that can possibly occur as a result of...... middle of paper ....../disorders/TBI/Brain Injury Association of Florida. (nd). Traumatic brain injury: an often disguised disability. Retrieved from http://www.byyourside.org/Edmonston, A. (nd). Coordinating Resources for People With Traumatic Brain Injury, A Handbook for Social Service Professionals. Retrieved from http://www.dhmh.maryland.gov/mha/Documents/Resource%20Coordination%20Handbook-%20final.pdf Jaffee, MS, Helmick, KM, Girard, PD, Meyer, KS, Dinegar, K. and George, K. (2009). Acute clinical care and care coordination for traumatic brain injuries within the Department of Defense. J Rehabil Res Dev, 46(6), 655-666.Zaloshnja, E., Miller, T., Langlois, JA and Selassie, AW (2008). Prevalence of long-term disability due to traumatic brain injury in the United States civilian population. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 23(6), 394-400.