Postwar America was subject to rapid social change in values ​​and attitudes toward women and toward traditional gender roles. Today, many women in North America have abandoned the traditional role of homemaker in order to participate in education and paid employment, gain individual status, and contribute to the family household (Thornton and Cambum., 1979, p. 61). The increase in women's participation in education and paid work has been accompanied by a dramatic decline in fertility, and we can expect this trend to continue in the future. In this article, I will discuss several factors that contribute to declining fertility rates in North America and, as a result, have caused women to reduce the number of children they have, or even not have at all. 'children at all. Before the Industrial Revolution, women were rarely educated and did not participate in paid work. The work that women participated in before the industrial revolution was mainly limited to domestic work. At this time, the domestic sphere was romanticized and women took on tasks such as cooking, sewing, spinning and raising children (Lewis, JJ nd). Men have taken on a pivotal role as primary breadwinners by working in the agricultural sector or in the paid labor market. During this period, children played a role in the family home by helping parents with daily tasks. Little girls often helped their mothers with domestic chores and young boys helped their fathers on the farms. Working within the family home helped prepare children for the future and was a form of education. During the industrial revolution, families moved to more urbanized areas, close to factories. Many women...... middle of paper ...... Since women in developed egalitarian countries like Canada are so focused on breaking the glass ceiling and advancing further in the public sphere, I believe that women will continue to extend their studies and succeed in their careers before having children. This will result in a higher age at first birth, which will give less time to produce many children, or in the fact that women will not have children due to conditions that do not favor procreation (health, marital status, employment, etc.). As women limit the number of children they have, Canada will continue to be below the replacement fertility rate of 2.5 births per woman and will eventually fall below the current level of 1.2 birth per woman in Canada. This decline in fertility will force Canada to increase immigration to the country in order to replace the population..