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  • Essay / Soil-borne helminths and diseases - 1523

    soil-borne helminths, also known as intestinal worm infections. It is one of the most common parasitic infections in the world. These infections are more prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions of the developed world, where adequate water and sanitation facilities are lacking. A recent estimate suggests that A. lumbricoids infects 1.221 million people, T.trichuira 795 million and hookworms 740 million (Desilva et., 2003). Chronic and intense soil-borne helminths can contribute to malnutrition and iron deficiency anemia and can also impair physical and mental growth in childhood (Drake et al., 2000., Stephenson et al., 2000. , Hotez et al., 2004). .This parasitic infection is caused mainly by four main species of worms. These worms are roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides), whipworms (Trichuris trichiura) and hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necatar americanus). These species are mainly transmitted by soil. Helminth disease is called soil-borne helminths because this infection is transmitted through the ingestion of nematode eggs present in the soil, which are contaminated through excretion. The disease is mainly prevalent in hot, humid climates where sanitation and hygiene are poor and waters are unsafe, mainly in temperate zones during the warmer months. Ascaris is a soil-borne helminth caused by large roundworms A. lumbricoides. It is one of the most widespread soil-transmitted helminths; it affects nearly a billion people. Half of the affected populations are found in tropical and subtropical zones. The conditions are mostly mild and they often manifest little or sometimes are asymptomatic, chronic infections cause severe intestinal blockages and...... middle of paper ...... infections are widespread in the developed world as there is an insufficient water supply and there is a lack of sanitation in some of these communities. The public health problems posed by these soil-borne helminths are caused by the ingestion of parasite eggs from contaminated soil. STH infection is caused by genetics, environment, age, different populations and household clustering. Chronic and intense soil-borne helminth infections can contribute to nutritional deficiency, iron deficiency and cause anemia, mental and physical growth retardation in childhood. Overall strategies can be controlled by the use of antihelminthic drugs like albendazole or mebendazole and regular deworming of children. . It can be controlled by improving sanitation and taking the measure of health education..