Iraq was once the cradle of civilization, where cities were the first to develop. They invented, among other things, aqueducts, the plow, the first laws, the wheel and writing. It began with the Mesopotamian rulers, Hammurabi and Nebuchadnezzar. Like other countries in the region, it is rich in oil reserves. Iraq today should be a prosperous and wealthy nation, but it has been worn and torn by generations of war and, because of this, an estimated 4 million Iraqis have had to flee their homes and face hardship. enormous challenges and conflicts. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay Iraq is located in Asia and is bordered by Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Turkey. Iraq's climate is mild with cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers. In the lowlands, they only have 2 seasons: summer and winter. Iraq experiences a few days of rain, but the weather is generally dry. Iraq's geography is composed of deserts, mountains and plains. Although it is home to the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, it is largely desert. Iraq is governed by a government. Adil Abdul-Mahdi, who recently resigned as president, was elected by a Council of Representatives. The new parliamentary process was established and the people were able to vote for the first time in the 2005 elections. There are approximately 39.3 million people living in Iraq, made up of mostly Arabs, Kurds and of Turkmens. The official language of Iraq is Kurdish and the main religion is Islam, with around 1% Christians. Iraq has the 5th largest oil reserves in the world and is the 7th largest producer in the world and is also one of the largest producers of fruits and nuts like dates. Some types of jobs in Iraq are managers, housekeepers, chefs, and civil engineers. There are a lot more jobs than these four. The conflicts in Iraq over the past 40 years have been: Iraq War (1980-1988), Kuwait Invasion (1990), Gulf War (1991), Iraq War (US invasion). ) 2003-2011 and The Civil War in Iraq 2014-2017. The unrest in Iraq is essentially political. Focusing on more recent conflicts, the Iraq War was started because the United States believed Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction (WMD). This started a war in 2003 which ended in 2011. After that, the civil war in Iraq was caused by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). ISIS is a militant terrorist group. This project was launched in 2004, when Iraq formed its own government after the end of the Iraq War. ISIS is known to be responsible for hundreds of terrorist attacks. They also destroyed priceless monuments and works of art. The conflicts have also had a considerable impact on education. This has become a major challenge for the country. The literacy level in Iraq was originally 75%, and today, because of the war, over the last twenty years it is only around 50%. Compare that to America, with a 99% literacy level. This is mainly because in the last year alone, approximately 600,000 hundred thousand children missed a year of school. When I missed a week of school, I had a lot of homework. I can't imagine how difficult it would be to catch up on an entire year of homework. This is also partly explained by the fact that the illiteracy rate for girls aged 12 and over is more than double that of men. This is because manygirls are not allowed to go to school. Schools are like small rooms with chairs, desks and a small board for the teacher to write on. Offices must accommodate two children at a time. It is important to note that there are currently two different types of refugee crises in Iraq. First, the refugee crisis from the Iraq War in 2003, and then the Iraqi Civil War in 2014. Most of the refugees from the Iraq War fled to neighboring countries such as Turkey, Syria, Iran, Jordan and Lebanon. Most of the refugees fleeing ISIS have fled to the Kurdish regions of Iraq and Syria. The terrifying thing is that in total, around 4 million people have had to leave their homes. They mainly moved on foot or by truck with all their valuable possessions. That was all they could take with them. Around 700,000 Iraqis are still in refugee camps. This is a huge number of people. Very few Iraqis have enough money to leave the country. People who can leave waste all their money leaving, and then in their new country, they have nothing and don't even speak the language. Even though many of these people were educated and had good jobs, in every camp they go to, they cannot legally work for their families to earn money to live the life they want. Many people in refugee camps don't. I don't have access to doctors and medicines, unlike us. Imagine how many children are on the verge of death because they are not vaccinated. In the camps there is no plumbing, no clean running water, and it is very cold in winter and very hot in summer. The problem with no plumbing is that there are no toilets or running water. Most refugees live in tent cities, but a few have built permanent homes because they have been there so long. An example of the situation of some Iraqi refugees are those who assisted the United States in Iraq by working as translators and guides during the Iraq War. . These people risked their lives and the lives of their families by helping American troops. They worked closely with American soldiers, often assigned to units for long periods of time, sharing experiences and dangers. They were promised safety and refuge in America once the war was over. After the Americans left, these people and their families were targeted because they were considered traitors by some Iraqis and by ISIS. Sadly, many have been killed or tortured and thousands more are still waiting to be allowed to live in the United States where they have been denied entry until now. The Iraqi refugee crisis continues and millions of people are in need. Many international humanitarian groups are helping Iraqi refugees. UNHCR, the American Red Cross and the Red Crescent are helping Iraqi refugees. They help by providing plenty of food, water, health care, hygiene (soap or cleaning supplies), clothing (shoes), baby supplies, and shelter. Money from oil production was supposed to be used to rebuild Iraq and improve people's lives. all its citizens, but instead it was stolen and misused due to corruption and used to finance terrorism. Experts estimate that rebuilding Iraq will cost around $88 billion. The UN estimates that 99 percent of all Iraq's money comes from oil. Every day, Iraq produces nearly 5 million.