1. INTRODUCTION1.1. BrazilFederative Republic of Brazil, Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world, both in terms of geographic area and population. It is also the largest country in South America, bordered to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil has a coastline of approximately 7,500 km and shares a border with almost all countries in South America and covers half of the continent. Brazil has an extensive river system, with eight major watersheds, all of which flow into the Atlantic Ocean. Two of these basins, the Amazon and the Tocantins-Araguaia, represent more than half of the total watershed area. Brazil's largest river is the Amazon, which rises in the Andes and its tributaries cover 45.7 percent of the country, mainly in the north and west. Despite its vast territorial region, the population is mainly concentrated in a few urban cities on its coast, such as Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo Salvador and João Pessoa. The interior region of Brazil is mainly covered by the Amazon rainforest basin which remains sparsely populated. Brazil has the 7th largest economy in the world in terms of nominal GDP and also the 7th largest in purchasing power parity. It is moderately open to free markets and is one of the fastest growing economies in the world, with an annual GDP growth rate of 5%. Brazil is narrowing the competitiveness gap with India and China among the BRIC economies. The main components of Brazil's GDP are: the services sector (68.1% of GDP), the industrial sector (26.5% of GDP) and agriculture (5.5% of GDP). Various industries include textiles, footwear, chemicals, timber, iron ore, tin, steel, machinery and equipment. Coffee is the main product of agriculture; other agricultural products include soybean, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa, etc. Touris...... middle of paper ......oto negotiations. Government intervention on climate change issues is effective but the scope of its effectiveness is to some extent limited. The country still needs major policy reforms to respond to the changing environment. Agriculture must evolve to become more sustainable and more environmentally friendly. Efficient techniques can be incorporated to achieve high agricultural yields from a small area, which will reduce deforestation. Reforestation practices should also be inculcated among the local people so that they can be part of this process. This will increase the scope and level of involvement of people in the reforestation process. The level of change in climatic conditions must be controlled, otherwise there will come a time when no adaptation can help humanity survive..