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  • Essay / When I Have Fears, by John Keats and Holy Sonnet 1, by...

    Mortality is a moving and fascinating subject. This end is a confirmation of his humanity and the end of his substance. Perhaps this is why so many writers and poets reflect on their own death in their writing. Keats and John Donne are two examples of meditative poets who share the experience of the human condition in When I Have Fears and Holy Sonnet 1. Keats begins each quatrain of the Shakespearean sonnet with a modifier, and each modifier indexes the subject of that quatrain. The modifier therefore gives his sonnet a three-part structure. The first quatrain is what he fears; the second quatrain is what he sees; the third quatrain is what he feels; and the final verse summarizes all the quatrains. However, the structure could also be seen as dividing the poem in two: between its concern with intellectual pursuits and its concern with love. The first quatrain begins with ““When I have fears” and confirms the theme of the first quatrain. He then uses a grain field metaphor (in which each grain represents an idea) to show how many literary ideas it generates. He has so many that he is “full of them,” and this word gives urgency to his need to put them somewhere; he's so overwhelmed that he needs to get them out of his brain to accommodate more excess growth. But the metaphor is also paradoxical. “gleaned” in the second line refers to the process of “picking and gathering (corncobs or other produce) after the harvesters; ” and so he compares his mind to a field of produce that must be harvested (OED). However, in the next line, he compares the writing of "stacked books" to a silo, containing one's "well-ripe grain." That would make him the reaper because he wrote the books and put the "grains" on the page...... middle of paper ......wo). His faith allows him to “prevent” the “art” of Satan, meaning he can avoid temptation and even prevent other sins, by doing good deeds. Donne ends with a metaphor, comparing God to the inflexible, which is a very hard stone; so hard that it is impenetrable. Adamant also means inflexible. The solidity of God's rock "attracts" Donne's "iron heart", he experiences a kind of magnetic force that overcomes the "iron character" of how he is fixed in his sinful ways. Donne uses a Petrarchan sonnet to express his opinions. on death, humility and sin. The poem can be structured in different ways, but it is definitely structured in two parts. One interpretation could be that the first segment of the poem focuses on the physical while the second part focuses on the metaphysical. Or it could be structured as a two-part poem in which Donne moved from fear to hope..