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  • Essay / From the French Revolution to the fall of the First Empire

    The French Revolution took place between 1789 and 1799 and was an era of epic revolutionary politics and social turbulence that had a central impact on the West, but more particularly, History of France. The peasants and bourgeoisie of France during the reign of King Louis XVI had become frustrated with the extravagant spending habits of the French royal court and aristocracy. This frustration then intensified with the formation of the First French Republic in 1792 and the execution of King Louis XVI a year later in 1793. Ten years later, in 1804, Napoleon declared the First French Republic, under the name of the First French Empire. , and calls himself Emperor of France. Napoleon's empire had only existed for ten years and dissolved when Napoleon was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo and abdicated his empire. However, Napoleon was an exemplary military activist and accomplished extraordinary tasks. The Dublin Penny Journal states that thanks to “his extraordinary life-long career: he won forty-one victories; captured six strong cities which were under siege; He entered twelve capitals, subjugated the European continent, created nine sovereigns, made three retreats, raised a siege and suffered twenty-eight defeats. (“Dublin Penny Journal” 393-394). Throughout Napoleon's political conquests and pillaging of Europe, Napoleon had several paintings commissioned to depict him during his extraordinary escapades. This is why the artist Jacques-Louis David became Napoleon's "first painter", to contribute to the propaganda of his image after having saved David from the prison of the Tuileries Palace. For example, Yale French Studies argues that "From the beginning of his career, Napoleon appreciated the importance of imposing his im...... middle of paper ......st Empire. The dissimilarity of the First French Empire occurred when Napoleon lost to the British navy at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Napoleon then abdicated his empire and went into exile on the island of Saint Helena, where he died in 1821. When Napoleon abdicated, his "first painter" Jacques-Louis David was also exiled for political reasons and later died leaving France. Jacques-Louis David had painted The Emperor Napoleon in his office at the Tuileries to reflect on the historical period when Napoleon was at the height of his career and to truly propagate his image around the world, as the hero of France. The simple background, allusions to classical Greek and Roman culture, and historical context of the painting are clearly presented in the style of neoclassicism, while portraying Napoleon as a great military leader..