-
Essay / Was American hegemony in the 20th century inevitable? For what? Or...
Was American hegemony in the 20th century inevitable? For what? Or Why not Mearsheimer defined a hegemon as a state that dominates all others, but he emphasized the limits of hegemony (2001, pp40-2.) America has experienced an expansion of its power, financial, economic, military and international, which led the country to hegemony. . Some scholars believed that America had become a superpower. Others think its hegemony is precarious. Many internal and structural factors predisposed the United States to exert its dominance. However, structural factors are more likely to be preponderant in its rise to hegemonic power within the world system. First, the United States established its assertive power over its neighbors and then over the rest of the world. American leadership as American hegemony was inevitably evident because America had an impeccable military capability and an economic and financial system that not only grew every year but was also able to maintain inflation ; Furthermore, America's global economic rise and its ability to adapt its foreign policy to specific circumstances affirmed American hegemony in the 20th century. The United States had the resources necessary for economic development. Its economic strategy focused more on the skills and investments required for increasingly complex manufacturing processes rather than the raw materials needed for basic processes. America also had the capacity to significantly contain wage inflation and increase productivity, as well as to organize labor in the economic and political system. U.S. exports increased from 15.7 percent in 1993 to 17.7 percent in 1999. U.S. global trade prospered immeasurably as did the increase in American percentage in the world..... . middle of paper...... With the decline of the Soviet Union, America expanded its capitalisms as well as its democracy into the world system, which also contributed to its rise. The introduction of satellite, cable and the creation of major media gave access to international channels. Major channels such as CNN and BBC broadcast American programs in English. This encouraged people to learn English in order to understand the show and follow the change in international relations as well as the world system; consequently, English became the international language, completely declining the French language. Additionally, its large domestic market, relatively tolerant values, national diversity and geographic isolation are all helpful. But he remains a hegemon, and by doing so he must make others uncomfortable (Understanding the Bush Doctrine, p.385)