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Essay / Response Paper II: Economic Restructuring - 851
Introduction: There are three frameworks or approaches in examining poverty: the neoclassical conservative schools, the liberal and radical schools. In this article, I argue that the radical school of thought approaches poverty from a perspective that liberates minorities from hegemonic norms. First, I will examine the understanding of poverty in conservative schools and how they do not adequately consider the values and opinions of minorities, resulting in oppressive policies. Second, I will criticize the liberal school and how this paradigm ineffectively recognizes minority perspectives, which also leads to unjust policies. Finally, I will review the radical school and demonstrate how this framework best understands poverty from a perspective that enables a comprehensive politics of liberation for the economically excluded. The Conservative View: The conservative school of thought fails to take into account the perspectives of the poor, resulting in oppressive welfare policies. The conservative school includes the poor made up of minorities (women, blacks and immigrants). As Schram (1995) suggests, conservative thinking views the behavior of individuals as the cause of poverty. For example, Mead (2000) posits that poverty results from the negative behavior of people who do not work. The objective assumption of the conservative point of view results in biases that avoid introducing individual interpretation into research (Schram, 1995). Political advances leave aside any analysis of the needs and imaginations of minorities that conservatives perceive as impoverished. As a result, an oppressive paternalistic policy materially imposes appropriate standards of behavior that are set by non-...... middle of paper ......J., Weigt, J., & Gonzales, L. (2006 ). Experiencing economic restructuring from below: restructuring of social protection and low-wage work. . In Kilty, K. and Segal, E. (eds.). The promise of welfare reform: political rhetoric and the reality of poverty in the 21st century. (pp. 81-96). Haworth Press, NY. Schram, S. (1995). Suffering in silence: the subtext of social policy research. Inof Welfare: The Poverty of Social Sciences and the Social Sciences of Poverty. (pp. 3-19). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota. Wacquant, L., Wilson, WJ, (1989). The cost of racial and class exclusion in the inner city. In Lin, J. and Mele, C. (eds.). The Urban Sociology Reader. (pp. 124-133). Routledge, New York, NY. Wilson, W. J. (1996). From institutional ghettos to jobless ghettos. In RT Legates and F. Stout (Eds.). The City Reader (pp. 110-119). New York, New York: Routledge.