Management Concepts and SystemsThe National Academy of Sciences notes that the United States has many of the world's most advanced clinical research facilities and advanced medical technologies, but no effort has not been deployed to establish a system to measure the quality of care and the productivity of the health care system (National Academy of Engineering and Institute of Medicine Committee on Engineering and the Health Care System, 2005). Each of these concepts has certain strengths and weaknesses. Applying these concepts can ensure patient safety, prevent organizational incidents, and can also facilitate incident investigations. This document discusses the strengths and weaknesses of five of these concepts, how they relate to patient safety and can facilitate incident investigations, illustrates the strengths and weaknesses in a table, and includes a basic tool incident response that integrates the strengths of these concepts. Evidence-based management (EBM) is a relatively new model that promises to provide new decision-making tools for caregivers and patients (McLaughlin & Hays, 2008). Its strengths include three main advantages. First, EBM provides the most objective and reliable way for a medical practice to determine and maintain consistently high standards of quality and safety. Second, it helps to increase the rate of transfer of clinical research results into practice (Open Clinical, nd). Finally, it can help significantly reduce healthcare costs. It is possible that if all healthcare facilities in the United States used EBM, total annual healthcare costs could be reduced by up to 29% while significantly improving healthcare facility outcomes. article...... Committee on Engineering and the Health Care System of the Academy of Engineering (USA) and the Institute of Medicine (USA). (2005). Reid, PP, Compton, WD, Grossman, JH et. al (ed.). Building a better delivery system: a new engineering/healthcare partnership. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Accessed February 22, 2014, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22878/Open Clinical. (nd). Evidence-based medicine. Retrieved February 22, 2014 from http://www.openclinical.org/ebm.html#benefits Weng, YH, Kuo, KN, Yang, CY, Lo, HL, Chen, C., & Chiu, YW (2013). Implementation of evidence-based practice among healthcare, nursing, pharmacological and paramedical professionals: a questionnaire survey in hospital settings nationwide. Implementation Science, 8. 1-10. Accessed February 22, 2014 from http://www.implementationscience.com/content/8/1/112