In 2007, seventy percent of malaria cases were detected in Africa. (Sadasivaiah, 2007) Eleven countries in Africa, seven in Asia and five in Latin America use dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane or DDT for vector control (Turusov, 2002). DDT has been banned for use in the United States and other countries and is one of 12 chemicals identified as a persistent organic pollutant that can be harmful to humans and animals. However, in many parts of the world, DDT is the most effective and efficient means of killing malaria vectors. (WHO, 2007). The World Health Organization (“WHO”) determined in 2000 that a re-evaluation of studies showed that exposure levels reported in previous studies were below levels of concern for human health (WHO, 2007). WHO reassesses every two years whether the use of DDT for ISR continues to be a safe and effective control. There are many factors to consider when making such a decision. Toxicological effects on humans and the environment should be of major concern. It is important to understand the impact of DDT on the body. DDT can be very toxic to humans and animals and that is why there is concern about continuing to use this chemical. This concern has led to its restricted and limited use. It continues to be used because it is very effective in some areas of the world where other methods have failed, and the costs of malaria outweigh the risks of using DDT. DDT can be toxic to humans because humans store the compound in our body fat. In fact, “no living organism can be considered free from DDT” (Turusov, 2002). Studies have shown that there are residues of DDT in breast milk and that mothers then pass this substance to their children. It is believed to be a factor in the increase in cases of different types of cancer and in the middle of the article ......pg249.s1AAAgency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [ATSDR].(2002). Toxicological profile of DDT, DDE and DDD. Washington DC. Public health service: Ministry of Health and Social Services. CDC (2010). Documentation for concentrations immediately dangerous to life or health: DDT. Accessed September 2, 2011, from http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/50293.HTMLWorld Health Organization [WHO]. (2007). The use of DDT in malaria vector control: WHO position statement. Accessed September 1, 2011 from http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2007/WHO_HTM_GMP_2007_eng.pdfVladimir Turusov, Valery Rakitsky, Lorenzo Tomatis, “Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT): ubiquity, persistence and risks”, Environmental Health Perspectives, VOLUME 110 | NUMBER 2 | February 2002 Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1240724/pdf/ehp0110-000125.pdf