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Essay / Emile Durkheim's theory of structural functionalism
While structural functionalists chose to theorize the conception of society outside the realm of history and conflict, Marx, his disciples, and his predecessors such as Georg Hegel built their understanding on the idea of history progressing in stages. . Progression occurs through class struggle – collapse, rebuilding, and the constant push toward a more ideal system. Change and disorder are necessary elements to achieve eventual order. Marx drew on Hegel's earlier work on the subject and developed an understanding of three fundamental historical stages. In early societies, individuals existed in unity through kinship bonds, but a new stage emerged when individuality arose from the understanding of freedom and thus led to disruptive events such as the French Revolution. This movement through time culminates with the division into a more perfect union allowing individuality to flourish within the community. In true Marxist fashion, this dichromic theory is then applied to the place of the individual within the economic market that has limited and now governs each person. We will explain briefly: only in a free market can the individual hope to banish the chains of predestination and develop his own interests. Marx states: “In this society of free competition, the individual appears detached from natural bonds, etc..