What is homosexuality? Homosexuality is romantic or sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender. What is same-sex marriage? Same-sex marriage is marriage between two people of the same sex. Legal recognition of same-sex marriage or the ability to perform same-sex marriage is called marriage equality or marriage equality. Recognition of same-sex marriage is a political, social, human rights, civil rights, and religious issue in many countries around the world, and debates are ongoing over whether same-sex couples should be allowed to marry or have a civil union. union, or be denied these rights. What is Judaism? Judaism is the religion, philosophy and way of life of the Jewish people. Judaism is a monotheistic religion. It is seen by religious Jews as an expression of the covenant relationship that God established with the children of Israel. Traditional Judaism views homosexual acts as wrong, but more liberal branches of Judaism (Conservative, Reform, and Reconstructionist) are more supportive of homosexuality. Many traditional or Orthodox Judaisms reject civil and Jewish same-sex marriage. They believe that marriage “is reserved for the sacred union of a man and a woman in a loving relationship” (Powers). “According to the Bible, or the Torah, homosexual acts are “Toavia”, an abomination” (Katz). For many Orthodox Jews, homosexuality is wrong because the Torah says so. Homosexuality can also be considered “a grave sin and, in some Jewish legal systems, is punishable by death” (Amsel). However, some Orthodox Jews believe that homosexuals deserve to be treated with “dignity and respect” (“Positions”). Other Orthodox Jews believe that the Torah... middle of paper ...... aism believes that "Just as we celebrate love between heterosexual couples, we also celebrate love between Jews gay or lesbian” (Powers) They fully support efforts to legalize same-sex civil marriages and provide equal benefits to same-sex couples. Homosexuality and same-sex marriage are a controversial issue. The religion of Judaism is divided and its four major institutions have different opinions. Orthodox Judaism is primarily opposed to the idea of ​​homosexuality and same-sex marriage. Conservative Judaism has the most mixed response to homosexuality and same-sex marriage. Reform Judaism welcomes homosexuals, but is undecided on marriage acts. Reconstructionist Judaism fully supports homosexuality and same-sex marriage. All are of the same religion, but they all have different views on what is right and wrong regarding homosexuality..