MEDICAL EXAMINATION IN RDF: By Lt. Col (Dr) ByimanaMedical and non-medical practitioners should always be aware of the importance of medical examinations to maintain health. When a patient enters a consultation room, the doctor is faced with a series of challenges. First, the patient is still waiting for a successful and accurate diagnosis of his problem, while the practitioner has the task of identifying the cause of the discomfort. The practitioner must identify the cause of the disease or a possible set of diseases. In order for the practitioner to identify the cause of the disease, a series of investigations must be carried out. These are the series of tests that are carried out during a medical examination. The medical examination constitutes an important part of the entire medical assistance of the doctor to the patient, because it correctly lays the doctor's foundation for appropriate action. A medical examination is a series of investigations and medical tests carried out on a sick or healthy person with the aim of discovering a possible dysfunction in the body. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the importance of regular medical examination for Rwanda Defense Force troops with a view to providing recommendations to ensure continued compliance. The role of the medical examination is obvious: prevention is better than cure, as the adage goes. For a doctor, it is always best to take care of a patient in the acute phase of the disease; and much better when the illness discovered is not yet declared, than to manage a chronic case or worse, to treat a case which has reached the serious stage. In the first scenario, the practitioner has every chance of restoring the initial health conditions, while in the second, he is in a difficult situation...... in full paper......section of This practice is possible as has been observed in other institutions: some people do not understand why they should be investigated when they are not sick. It is therefore the duty of the Military Medical Insurance to indicate the type of medical check-up to be carried out systematically in order to facilitate budgeting since there is a contribution to the investigation costs per soldier. The check-up visit of soldiers by doctors is a formidable professional practice aimed at increasing military efficiency and mastery of its mission. Given the government's willingness and commitment to health promotion, the emphasis on medical checks in the military requires special attention. It is in this regard that RDF embarked on the construction of the medical department and facilities to become the reliable institution in the entire medical and health services..