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  • Essay / Stimulation or tranquility? : Personality traits and...

    The paranormal can be defined as relating to an event or perception beyond or lacking scientific explanation. Whether it's about mythical creatures, the existence of ghosts, or divination, the average person's experience with the paranormal is very mysterious and often filled with doubt. Because paranormal activity, by definition, cannot be explained by scientific reasoning, researchers of these phenomena have sought to remove this doubt by attempting to provide concrete evidence of their existence. The term psi refers to any abnormal transfer of energy or information that cannot be explained by biological or biological means. physical mechanisms. Examples of psi include psychokinesis, telepathy, and extrasensory perception or precognition (Bem & Honorton, Does Psi Exist? Replicable Evidence for an Anomalous Process of Information Transfer, 1994). Parapsychologists such as Joseph Rhine of Duke University conducted the first experiments on extrasensory perception. Rhine began by asking participants to guess the identities of the cards in a standard shuffled deck. After confronting problems with sample size and participant bias with a standard deck of cards, Karl Zener, a colleague of Joseph Rhine, developed Zener Cards, a deck of 25 cards with five designs or symbols different and unambiguous. Participants who correctly guessed more cards than could be explained by chance would provide evidence that another force was at work (Editors of Time Life Books, 1988). Overall, Rhine and Zener's work paved the way for future studies of extrasensory perception, particularly in the development of computer-generated random event and recall tasks. (Taylor, 2001). One of the most recent studies on extra-sensory perception was conducted by Daryl B...... middle of article ...... an overview of the mechanisms of precognition and allow us to design other studies to concretely prove its existence. Works Cited Bem, DJ (2011). Sensing the future: Experimental evidence for anomalous feedback influences on cognition and affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100 (3), 407-425. Bem, DJ and Honorton, C. (1994). Does Psi exist? Reproducible evidence of an abnormal information transfer process. Psychological Bulletin, 115(1), 4-18. Brugger, P. and Taylor, K.I. (2003). Extrasensory perception or subjective probability effect? Journal of Consciousness Studies, 10 (6-7), 221-246. Time Life Books Publishers. (1988). Psychic powers (Mysteries of the unknown). Time Life UK. Taylor, E. (2001). Retroactive intentional influence: A new science based on a new psychology? Alternative therapies in health and medicine , 34.