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  • Essay / Nature of Society in Arc of Justice by Kevin Boyle

    Discrimination Kevin Boyle reveals the harmful nature of society in his book Arc of Justice. At that time, the majority of the white race believed themselves superior to African Americans. This has caused a wide gap between the two races, in the areas of educational programs, health care and neighborhoods. Arc of Justice reveals the true realities of hostile discrimination against African Americans. Education was a symbol of entitlement and superiority among all races, but it was especially important to the Sweet family. The Sweets believed that expanding their knowledge was an essential tool for success. However, discriminatory laws made it nearly impossible for African Americans to thrive. According to the book, “In the beginning, the most minor illnesses in a white society constituted a major mortality for the black race. Moreover, he writes: “A truly desperate person might drag himself to one of the white hospitals in Detroit, far from Black Bottom. But there was a good chance that he would only be entitled to a quick examination at the outpatient clinic, since most white institutions did not admit blacks, regardless of their state of health...”6 Discrimination caused serious health problems and deaths, and the black people knew they were not going to receive the help they needed. The book says: “So in 1919, only 3 percent of Detroit's sick blacks went to the hospital for treatment, while the rest did their best to get by. They bought the patent medicines that pharmacies kept on their shelves. Even with the opening of the black hospital, Dunbar Memorial, run by Ossian and his colleagues, it still suffered from the real difficulties of discrimination. According to the text, “Dunbar survived thanks to donations from white charities and the continued efforts of its founders. This was not enough: the hospital was so small that it could only accommodate twenty-seven patients at a time and so underfunded that it could only maintain one poorly equipped operating room. The ultimate health of a black American did not matter in the eyes of white society. Countless black people suffered serious decline in health because they lacked access to health care facilities due to discrimination. Throughout the book, Boyle makes it clear that mixed neighborhoods were socially and morally unacceptable. In Arc of Justice it says: “Neighborhood violence, however, is the most sensitive. Five times that summer, mobs of whites attacked blacks who had purchased homes in all-white neighborhoods. Even the Sweet family experienced firsthand the racial violence that came with living in a white neighborhood. The book explains: “Then, suddenly, the window above Ossian shattered. A rock hit