Of all the natural variables in the development of culture in the New World, none had as significant an impact as those which determined the rise and the spread of agriculture as the main mode of food production. The adoption of agriculture allowed early societies in North America to have surpluses of their most valuable resources. These surpluses allowed community members to be able to devote time to tasks unrelated to food production for the first time. This led to the development of many of humanity's fundamental inventions and paved the way for the type of professional specialization we see in today's society. Without the incentive of agriculture, conventional cultural concepts such as writing, social hierarchy, and even warfare might never have come to fruition. For these reasons, it can be said that the precursors who dictated the rise of agriculture were among the most instrumental in the natural development of human history in the New World. Understand the considerable impact of the development of agriculture on the beginnings of the evolution of agriculture. In the New World, we must first look at foraging societies to assess what kinds of social developments were already underway before the change in mode of production. With the exception of "complex foragers", who were fortunate to live in environments capable of supporting large populations without the need for regimented food production, bands of hunter-gatherers simply did not have time to do something other than looking for their next meals. (Diamond). Without surplus food, they live much more like the rest of the animal kingdom, focusing most of their efforts on subsistence rather than things such as advancing technology and building monuments. Ins...... middle of article .......The evolution of the mode of production from gathering to agriculture is perhaps the most consequential paradigm shift in the history of 'humanity. It sparked the development of some of humanity's most intrinsic inventions, created the food surpluses necessary for our exponential population expansion, and provided the stability necessary for the birth of culture. Without it, there would be no writing, irrigation, advanced transportation, metal tools, electronics, the Internet, or a true understanding of the cosmos. Instead, the world now functions as a global economic network of information, commerce, and interaction systems. Although Earth's human population is by no means unified, it no longer exists in isolated groups, and the resulting connections allow for the type of cultural growth and evolution that would not have been possible in a world of foragers..