Urea is a fertilizer rich in N and is found in nature because it is composed of animal urine. This fertilizer contains a controlled reaction of ammonia gas (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The chemical formula of urea is CO(NH2)2, consisting of 46% N and a solubility of 1080 g/L H2O. The fertilizer can be distributed in fluid form throughout the soil due to its high solubility. Hydrolysis occurs several days after contact of the fertilizer with the plant. The plant can use a small part of the urea in the form of N, ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-). Great care should be taken in areas where urea has been applied to minimize any loss of nitrogen to the air, surface water and groundwater. Any loss of N can result in loss of crop yield and quality. The use of urea is also applied in power plants and diesel exhaust systems, reducing nitrous oxide (NOx) gas emissions. Urea can also be used as a protein supplement given to ruminants such as